ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: In vivo, minocycline appears to be neuroprotective. Thus, the neuroprotective effects of minocycline were studied in a rat brain cortical cell culture induced by hypoxia. METHODS: Cultured cells from the brains of Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two sets of groups : normoxia groups treated with 5% CO2 and hypoxia groups treated with 1% CO2. After several days of incubation, the control groups were not treated with minocycline, while the sample groups were treated with either 1 or 10 g/mL of minocycline. The damaged cells were observed under a microscope, while apoptosis was detected using a TUNEL assay control-stained with DAPI. RESULTS: Among the normoxia groups, the control and sample groups treated with 1 and 10 g/mL of minocycline were all statistically significantly different from each other. Meanwhile, among the hypoxia groups, although the control was significantly different from the sample groups, there was no statistically significant difference between the sample groups. When comparing the normoxia and hypoxia groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the control groups and sample groups treated with 1 g/mL of minocycline, yet no significant difference between the sample groups treated with 10 g/mL of minocycline. CONCLUSION: Minocycline was found to be neuroprotective in normoxia and hypoxia induced rat brain cortical cell cultures.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hypoxia , Apoptosis , Brain , Cell Culture Techniques , Cells, Cultured , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Minocycline , Neuroprotective Agents , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To search cause of recurrence of varus deformity and to correlate the mechanical angle of the knee joint at the third postoperative month following high tibial osteotomy to the final mechanical angle and to the clinical results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study of thirty knee joints with lateral closed wedge osteotomy and fixation with 90-degree angle blade plate. Plateau-Blade angle was measured to evaluate the loss of correction at the osteotomy site. At the third postoperative month, the knees were divided into two groups according to the mechanical angle. Group I included the patients with valgus angle (16 knees) and group II included the patients with varus angle (14 knees) . The final mechanical angle was measured and the clinical results were evaluated with the knee score and the function score of Knee Society. RESULTS: Plateau-Blade angle decreased 2.5 in group I and 4.8 in group II at postoperative three month. At the final follow-up, the loss of correction angle was 0.8 in group I and 2.3 in Group II (p>0.05) . The final knee score was 86 in group I and 80 in group II (p>0.05) . The final function score was 90 in Group I and 80 in Group II. CONCLUSIONS: Because the final function score of valgus angle group is superior to that of varus angle group and recurrence of varus was mainly occur within postoperative three months, meticulous postoperative management needed to maintain valgus mechanical angle.
Subject(s)
Humans , Congenital Abnormalities , Follow-Up Studies , Knee , Knee Joint , Osteotomy , RecurrenceABSTRACT
STUDY DESIGN: Authors experienced three cases of malignant schwannoma arising from multiple neurofibromatosis and invading the vertebrae. OBJECTIVE: To report treatment results and preventive idea in three cases of malignant schwannoma transformed from neurofibromatosis within the retroperifoneal area and invading the vertebrae. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The patients with neurofibromatosis are clearly at increased risk to develop the malignant schwannoma. A review of Korean literature revealed no such cases. RESULTS: The first case presented in the L4 body and was treated by surgical excision and chemotherapy, but she expired due to secondary metastasis in six months after diagnosis. The second case was treated by diagnostic biopsy and chemotherapy with adriamycin, ifosfamide, DTIC, mesna. He eventually lived for 14 months. After a diagnostic biopsy, the third case died due to lung metastasis before we could begin the treatment. CONCLUSION: We recommend that neurofibromatsis patients be regularly followed-up and if necessary, CT examination of spine or abdomen should be done. If a malignant schwannoma is detected, then early treatment can be started.